The Future of
LearnLib

A glimpse of things to come

October 23, 2026 @ LLAB / (A)ISoLA

Markus Frohme1 Falk Howar1,2 Bernhard Steffen1
1 TU Dortmund University, Germany
2 Fraunhofer ISST, Germany

Agenda

  • RALib reintegration
  • a unified benchmark platform
  • AI integration

RALib reintegration

Provide the features of RALib natively in AutomataLib and LearnLib

RALib AutomataLib LearnLib

Register automata in AutomataLib

  • done:
    • separate RAs and RMMs
    • re-write jStateExplorer for equivalence testing
  • in progress:
    • switch from jConstraints to konstraints
  • todo:
    • serialization

Learning RA/RMM in LearnLib

  • in progress:
    • basic restructuring of oracles / theories / learners
    • RA learning
  • todo:
    • native RMM learning

A unified benchmarking platform

We want to provide a benchmarking platform that allows users to easily compare their own learner/tester with existing implementations

Technical Aspects

  • use docker as runtime environment
    • use CI/CD to support multi-platform manifests (AMD64, ARM64, etc.)
    • provide an out-of-the-box experience for multiple environments
    • persistence through container lifetime
    • optional inputs through docker volumes/mounts
  • expose services via HTTP
    • support multiple programming languages/operating systems directly
    • automatically generate OpenAPI documentation for endpoints

Use cases

1: you want to benchmark your own learner

  • set up the learning process
    • select the SUL
    • select the EQO(s)
    • returns alphabet definition and experiment ID
  • run the learning process
    • repeatedly pose (batches of) queries to an endpoint
      • receive responses
    • submit tentative hypothesis to an endpoint
      • receive counterexample
  • extract results
    • export statistics

Use cases

2: you want to benchmark your own tester

  • set up the learning process
    • select the SUL
    • select the learner
    • returns alphabet definition and experiment ID
  • (busy-) wait for a tentative hypothesis
    • read the hypothesis
    • submit test queries
    • returns whether a counterexample has been found or more test queries are required
  • extract results
    • export statistics

Use cases

3: you want to benchmark existing configurations

  • set up the learning process
    • select the SUL
    • select the EQO(s)
    • select the learner(s)
    • returns (multiple) experiment ID(s)
  • extract results
    • export statistics

Challenges

  • client-server architecture
    • client needs to take the initiative vs. client needs to provide an endpoint
    • how to implement deeply stateful communication (e.g., adaptive queries)
  • alphabet symbol abstractions
    • how to deal with complex inputs (MMLTs, RAs, etc.)
  • interface
    • do we need a graphical UI?

AI integration

What does the rise of AI mean for automata learning?

  • use automata learning as an abstraction mechanism for agent policies

vs.

  • integrating the learner as an autonomous agent

learning agents

  • Direction 1:
    • the learner remains the initiator
    • use AI to answer membership queries
    • use AI to answer equivalence queries
  • Direction 2:
    • offer automata learning as a service
    • AI may autonomously contact a LearnLib agent
    • provide feedback via counterexamples

Discussion

Feedback? Opinions? Ideas?